Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer Siman 137

Siman 137

Presented here for study, not as a practical ruling. The Shulchan Aruch rules by Sephardi custom, the Rema's glosses by Ashkenazi custom, and the Kitzur follows Ashkenazi custom. For a practical question, ask your rabbi.

א אָמַר לָהּ: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מֻתֶּרֶת לְכָל אָדָם, חוּץ מִפְּלוֹנִי, אוֹ אֶלָּא לִפְלוֹנִי, אֵינוֹ גֵּט. כֵּיצַד יַעֲשֶׂה, יִטְּלֶנּוּ מִמֶּנָּה וְיַחֲזֹר וְיִתְּנֶנּוּ וְיֹאמַר: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מֻתֶּרֶת לְכָל אָדָם. אֲבָל אִם אָמַר: עַל מְנָת, הֲרֵי הוּא כִּשְׁאָר תְּנָאֵי הַגֵּט, בֵּין אָמַר לָהּ: עַל מְנָת שֶׁלֹּא תִּנָּשֵׂא לוֹ, אוֹ עַל מְנָת שֶׁלֹּא תִּבָּעֲלִי לוֹ, אוֹ עַל מְנָת שֶׁלֹּא תִּהְיִי לוֹ. וְיֵשׁ מַחֲמִירִין אֲפִלּוּ בְּאוֹמֵר עַל מְנָת (הָרַ"ן בְּשֵׁם י"א וְהָרַשְׁבָּ"א בְּשֵׁם הָרַמְבַּ"ן), וְיֵשׁ לְהַחֲמִיר לְכַתְּחִלָּה. וְאִם חוֹשְׁדָּהּ מֵאָדָם, יֹאמַר לְבֵית דִּין וְהֵם יִמְחוּ בְּיָדָם שֶׁלֹּא יִשְּׂאוּ זֶה אֶת זֶה (מָרְדְּכַי רֵישׁ הַמְגָרֵשׁ):
1 [If] he says to her, "Behold you are permitted to any man except for so-and-so," or "beside so-and-so", it is not a get [bill of divorce]. What should he do? He should take it from her, and give it to her again and say, "Behold you are permitted to any man." But if he says, "On condition..." ["al menat"] that is like any condition on a get [which is fine], whether he says, "On condition you do not marry him," or "on condition you not not become his spouse," or "on condition you do not become his." Rema: Some are stringent even when he says "al menat" (Ran in the name of Y"A, Rashba in the name of the Ramban_, and some are stringent [only] in an ideal case. And if she is suspected of cheating with a certain man, he should tell Bet Din and they will prevent them from marrying each other (Mordechai beginning of Hamegaresh).
ב הָיָה אוֹתוֹ פְּלוֹנִי שֶׁהוֹצִיא מִכְּלַל הַגֵּט בְּחוּץ אוֹ בְּאֶלָּא, מִי שֶׁאֵין קִדּוּשִׁין תּוֹפְסִים לוֹ בָּהּ, הֲרֵי זֶה גֵּט כָּשֵׁר. אֲבָל אִם קִדּוּשִׁין תּוֹפְסִין לוֹ בָּהּ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא מֵחַיָּבֵי לָאוִין, אֵינוֹ גֵּט. וְהוּא הַדִּין אִם שִׁיֵּר קָטָן. וְיֵשׁ מִי שֶׁאוֹמֵר, דִּבְשִׁיֵּר קָטָן הָוֵי סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת (טוּר בְּשֵׁם ר"ת):
2 If the man excluded from divorce using the terminology "chutz" or "ela" (meaning except for) was someone with whom betrothal would not be valid for her (e.g. a forbidden relative) then the bill of divorce is kosher. But if betrothal with him would be valid for her, even if doing so would violate a negative commandment, then the get is not valid. The same applies if the get excludes a minor (that the get is invalid). There is an authority who says that if the get excludes a minor she is doubtfully divorced (Tur in the name of Rabbenu Tam).
ג שִׁיֵּר בַּעַל אֲחוֹתָהּ, אוֹ שֶׁשִּׁיֵּר מִי שֶׁעָתִיד עֲדַיִן לְהִוָלֵד, אוֹ שֶׁאָמַר לָהּ: חוּץ מִזְּנוּתַיִךְ אוֹ חוּץ מִשֶּׁלֹּא כְּדַרְכָּהּ (טוּר) אוֹ חוּץ מִשְּׁטָר וּבִיאָה, אוֹ חוּץ מֵהֲפָרַת נְדָרַיִךְ, אוֹ חוּץ מִירוּשָׁתֵךְ, הֲרֵי זוֹ סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:
3 If the man excluded is (i.e. she is permitted to everyone except) the husband of her sister, or he excluded someone who is not yet born, or he said to her, "except for extramarital relations,"... Rema: or except for anal intercourse (Tur) Mechaber:...or to the exclusion of [remarriage with] a kiddushin document (as opposed to money) or [remarriage with] money (as opposed to a kiddushin document) or to the exclusion of the abrogation of your vows or to the exclusion of your inheritance, she is doubtfully divorced.
ד אָמַר לָהּ: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מֻתֶּרֶת לְכָל אָדָם חוּץ מֵרְאוּבֵן וְשִׁמְעוֹן, וְחָזַר וְאָמַר לָהּ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁמָּסַר לָהּ הַגֵּט: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מֻתֶּרֶת לִרְאוּבֵן וְשִׁמְעוֹן, אוֹ שֶׁאָמַר: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מֻתֶּרֶת לִרְאוּבֵן, אוֹ שֶׁאָמַר: הֲרֵי אַתְּ מֻתֶּרֶת לְשִׁמְעוֹן, אוֹ שֶׁאָמַר: אַף לְשִׁמְעוֹן, הֲרֵי זוֹ סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:
4 If he wrote (lit. said to her), "You are hereby permitted to every man except for Reuven and Shimon," and then at the time he delivered the get he said, "You are hereby permitted to Reuven and Shimon," or he said, "You are hereby permitted to Reuven," or he said, "You are hereby permitted to Shimon," or he said "Even to Shimon;" she is doubtfully divorced.
ה אָמַר לָהּ: הֲרֵי זֶה גִּטֵּךְ וַהֲרֵי אַתְּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת מִמֶּנִּי הַיּוֹם וּלְמָחָר אַתְּ אִשְׁתִּי, הֲרֵי זוֹ סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:
5 If he said to her, "Here is your get and you are hereby divorced from me today, but tomorrow you will be my wife," she is doubtfully divorced.
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