Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer Siman 139

Siman 139

Presented here for study, not as a practical ruling. The Shulchan Aruch rules by Sephardi custom, the Rema's glosses by Ashkenazi custom, and the Kitzur follows Ashkenazi custom. For a practical question, ask your rabbi.

א זָרַק לָהּ הַגֵּט בַּחֲצֵרָהּ, בֵּין שֶׁהוּא קָנוּי לָהּ אוֹ שָׁאוּל אוֹ מֻשְׂכָּר, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים, כְּשֶׁהִיא עוֹמֶדֶת בַּחֲצֵרָהּ וְהוּא מִשְׁתַּמֵּר לְדַעְתָּהּ, אֲבָל אִם אֵינָהּ עוֹמֶדֶת שָׁם, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא מִשְׁתַּמֵּר לְדַעְתָּהּ, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:

1 If he threw her the divorce document into her courtyard, whether it belonged to her or was lent or leased, she is divorced. Under what conditions? that she is standing in her courtyard and it is preserved to her knowledge; but if she is not standing there, even if it is preserved to her knowledge, she is not divorced.

ב אִם נָתַן בַּחֲצֵרָהּ, וְאַחַר כָּךְ בָּא שָׁם וְאָמַר לָהּ: הֲרֵי זֶה גִּטֵּךְ, יֵשׁ מִי שֶׁכָּתַב, שֶׁאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַגֵּט עֲדַיִן שָׁם אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, עַד שֶׁתִּטְּלֶנּוּ מִשָּׁם אוֹ עַד שֶׁיִּטְּלֶנּוּ מִשָּׁם וְיִתְּנֶנּוּ לָהּ לְהִתְגָּרֵשׁ בּוֹ, דְּבָעֵינָן שֶׁתְּהֵא סְמוּכָה לֶחָצֵר בִּשְׁעַת נְתִינַת הַגֵּט לְתוֹכוֹ וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁאוֹמֵר לָהּ הֵא גִּטֵּךְ. וְכֵן בְּגִטָּהּ וַחֲצֵרָהּ בָּאִים כְּאֶחָד, בָּעֵינָן שֶׁעוֹמֶדֶת בְּצַד הֶחָצֵר בִּשְׁעַת נְתִינָה; וְיֵשׁ חוֹלְקִין:

2 If he placed [the bill of divorce] in her yard, and subsequently went there and told her "here is your *get* [bill of divorce]," there is one who wrote that even if the *get* is still there, she is not divorced until she picks it up from there, or until he picks it up from there and gives it to her to be divorced by it, since we require that she be near the yard at the time of the placement of the *get* into it, and at the time that he tells her "here is your *get*." And similarly, when her *get* and her yard come at once, we require her to stand at the side of the yard at the time of the placement. And there are those who disagree.

ג נְתָנוֹ בַּחֲצֵרָהּ, שֶׁלֹּא מִדַּעְתָּהּ, וְאֵינָהּ עוֹמֶדֶת בְּצַד חֲצֵרָהּ, הֲרֵי זוֹ סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:

3 If he placed [the bill of divorce] in her yard without her intent, and she was not standing on the side of her yard, she is considered doubtfully divorced.

ד הָיְתָה עוֹמֶדֶת עַל גַּגָּהּ, וּזְרָקוֹ לָהּ לְרֹאשׁ הַגַּג, אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ מַעֲקֶה כֵּיוָן שֶׁהִגִּיעַ לָאֲוִיר תּוֹךְ מְחִיצוֹת הַמַּעֲקֶה, אוֹ אֲפִלּוּ אֵין לוֹ מַעֲקֶה וְהִגִּיעַ לְתוֹךְ ג' טְפָחִים סָמוּךְ לְקַרְקָעִית הַגַּג, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת אֲפִלּוּ נִשְׂרַף קֹדֶם שֶׁנָּח, וְהוּא שֶׁקָּדַם גֵּט לַדְּלֵקָה, שֶׁהֲרֵי הָיָה רָאוּי לָנוּחַ אִלְמָלֵא הָאֵשׁ שֶׁבָּא אַחַר שֶׁזְּרָקוֹ. אֲבָל אִם קָדַם הָאֵשׁ, לֹא, שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא הָיָה רָאוּי לָנוּחַ בִּרְשׁוּתָהּ:

4 If she was standing on her roof, and he threw [the bill of divorce] to her - to the top of the roof, if it had a fence, as soon as [the bill of divorce] entered the airspace enclosed by the walls of the fence, or even if it had no fence, and [the bill of divorce] reached within three hand-breadths of the surface of the roof - she is divorced, even if [the bill of divorce] burned up before it landed. And that is when the *get* [bill of divorce] preceded the fire, so that [the *get*] was destined to land, had the fire not arrived after he threw it. But if the fire care first, [she is ] not [divorced], as [the *get*] was not destined to land on her property.

ה וְיֵשׁ מִי שֶׁאוֹמֵר, שֶׁאִם נִמְחַק אוֹ נִשְׂרַף קֹדֶם שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ, אֲפִלּוּ נִמְחַק אוֹ נִשְׂרַף אַחַר שֶׁהִגִּיעַ לָאֲוִיר מְחִיצוֹת אוֹ לְפָחוֹת מִג' טְפָחִים סָמוּךְ לַגַּג, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:

5 And there is one who says that if [the bill of divorce] got erased or burned up before it arrived, even if it got erased or burned up after it arrived within the air-space of the walls or within three hand-breadths of the roof, she is not divorced.

ו הָיָה הוּא בְּגַגּוֹ וְזָרַק לָהּ לַחֲצֵרָהּ, אִם מְחִיצוֹת הֶחָצֵר גְּבוֹהוֹת מֵהַגַּג בְּעִנְיָן שֶׁמִּיָּד כְּשֶׁזָּרַק הַגֵּט מֵאֲוִיר הַגַּג נִכְנַס לָאֲוִיר מְחִיצוֹת הֶחָצֵר, מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, אֲפִלּוּ נִמְחַק קֹדֶם שֶׁהִגִּיעַ לָאָרֶץ, וּכְגוֹן שֶׁנִּמְחַק לְאַחַר שֶׁהִתְחִיל לֵירֵד:

6 If he was on his roof and threw [the get] to her courtyard, if the walls of the courtyard are taller than the roof, such that as soon as he threw the get from the airspace of the roof, it entered into the airspace of the walls of the courtyard, she is divorced, even if it was erased before it reached the ground, and in the instance that it was erased after it began to descend.

ז הָיָה לָהּ קָנֶה נָעוּץ בַּחֲצֵרָהּ, וְהִיא עוֹלָה לְמַעְלָה מִמְּחִיצוֹת הֶחָצֵר, וְזָרַק הַגֵּט עָלֶיהָ, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִשְׁתַּמֵּר שָׁם:

7 If she had a stalk standing in her courtyard, and it reaches above the walls of the courtyard, and he throws the get on it, she is not divorced, for it is not preserved there.

ח זְרָקוֹ לָהּ לִרְשׁוּתָהּ, וְעָבַר כָּל רְשׁוּתָהּ וְיָצָא חוּץ לִרְשׁוּתָהּ, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהָיָה בְּתוֹךְ שְׁלשָׁה טְפָחִים סָמוּךְ לַקַּרְקַע בְּתוֹךְ רְשׁוּתָהּ, כֵּיוָן שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה סוֹפוֹ לָנוּחַ בִּרְשׁוּתָהּ. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים שֶׁהִיא סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:

8 If he threw it to her property, and it traveled through all of her property and then exited outside of her property, she is not divorced, even if it was within three tefachim (hand-breadths) of the ground within her property, since it was not going to ultimately come to rest in her property. And there are those that say that she is questionably divorced.

ט ב' חֲצֵרוֹת זוֹ לְפָנִים מִזּוֹ, הַפְּנִימִית שֶׁלָּהּ וְהַחִיצוֹנָה שֶׁלּוֹ, וְכָתְלֵי הַחִיצוֹנָה גְּבוֹהוֹת עַל הַפְּנִימִית, כֵּיוָן שֶׁזָּרַק הַגֵּט לְתוֹךְ אֲוִיר הַחִיצוֹנָה, נִתְגָּרְשָׁה, שֶׁהַפְּנִימִית בְּכָתְלֵי הַחִיצוֹנָה מִשְׁתַּמֶּרֶת. מַה שֶּׁאֵין כֵּן בְּקֻפּוֹת. כֵּיצַד, שְׁתֵּי קֻפּוֹת זוֹ לִפְנִים מִזּוֹ, פְּנִימִית שֶׁלָּהּ וְהַחִיצוֹנָה שֶׁלּוֹ, וְזָרַק לָה בְּתוֹכָם גִּטָּהּ, אֲפִלּוּ הִגִּיעַ לַאֲוִיר הַפְּנִימִית, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת עַד שֶׁיָּנוּחַ עַל צַד הַקֻּפָּה הַפְּנִימִית. בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אוֹמְרִים, כְּשֶׁהָיְתָה מֻטָּה עַל צִדָּהּ וְאֵין לָהּ שׁוּלַיִם, אֲבָל אִם יֵשׁ לָהּ שׁוּלַיִם, אֲפִלּוּ נָח בְּקַרְקָעִיתָהּ, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, שֶׁכְּלִי הָאִשָּׁה בִּרְשׁוּת הַבַּעַל אֵינוֹ קוֹנֶה לָהּ גֵּט אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן אֵינוֹ מַקְפִּיד עַל מְקוֹמוֹ:

9 Two courtyards one inside the other, the inner [courtyard] hers and the outer [courtyard] his, and the walls of the outer [courtyard] higher than of the inner [courtyard], once he has thrown the get into the air of the outer [courtyard], she is divorced, for the inner [courtyard] is preserved by the walls of the outer courtyard. Which is not the case with boxes. How so? Two boxes one inside the other, the inner one hers and the outer his, and he threw her get to her inside them, even if it reached the air of the inner one, she is not divorced until it rests on the side of the inner box. Regarding what is this said? When it lies on its side and has no rims, but if it has rims, even if [the get] rests on its floor, she is not divorced, for the wife's utensil in the husband's domain does not acquire a get on her behalf unless he is in fact not particular about its place.

י הָיְתָה בַּחֲצֵרוֹ, וּזְרָקוֹ לָהּ שָׁם, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. אֲפִלּוּ הִיא יוֹשֶׁבֶת בַּמִּטָּה וְנָפַל הַגֵּט בַּמִּטָּה, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת עַד שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ הַגֵּט לְיָדָהּ אוֹ לְחֵיקָהּ אוֹ לִכְלִי מֵהַכֵּלִים שֶּׁאֵין הַבַּעַל מַקְפִּיד עַל מְקוֹמוֹ. וְכֵן אִם הִגִּיעַ לַמִּטָּה שֶׁלָּהּ שֶׁהִיא יוֹשֶׁבֶת עָלֶיהָ, וְהָיְתָה גָּבוֹהַּ עֲשָׂרָה טְפָחִים, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, שֶׁהֲרֵי חָלְקָה רְשׁוּת לְעַצְמָהּ וְאֵין הַבַּעַל מַקְפִּיד עַל מְקוֹם כַּרְעֵי הַמִּטָּה. וְאִם לֹא הָיְתָה גָּבוֹהַּ י' טְפָחִים, הֲרֵי זוֹ סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:

10 If she was in his courtyard, and he threw the get to her there, she is not divorced. Even if she were sitting on a bed and the get fell on the bed, she is not divorced until the get reaches her hand or her lap or one of the utensils which the husband is not particular about its place. And thus if it reached her bed and she was sitting on it, and it was ten tefachim high, she is divorced, for she has reserved a domain to herself and the husband is not particular about the place of the legs of the bed. And if it was not ten tefachim high, she is doubtfully divorced.

יא הִשְׁאִיל לָהּ הַבַּעַל מָקוֹם בַּחֲצֵרוֹ וְלֹא יִיחֵד לָהּ, וְנָפַל עַל גַּבֵּי קוֹרָה אוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי סֶלָע, אִם הַמָּקוֹם שֶׁנָּפַל עָלָיו אֵין בּוֹ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת עַל אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת וְאֵין גָּבוֹהַּ עֲשָׂרָה וְאֵין לוֹ שֵׁם לְוַי, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. וְאִם יֵשׁ שָׁם אֶחָד מִג' דְּבָרִים אֵלּוּ, חָלַק רְשׁוּת לְעַצְמוֹ, וּמָקוֹם אֶחָד הִשְׁאִיל לָהּ וְלֹא שְׁנֵי מְקוֹמוֹת, וְאֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. וְיֵשׁ מִי שֶׁכָּתַב, שֶׁאַף עַל פִּי שֶּׁאֵין שָׁם שׁוּם אֶחָד מִג' דְּבָרִים אֵלּוּ אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, עַד שֶׁיִּהְיֶה בְּתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹתֶיהָ:

11 If he lent her space in his courtyard, but did not designate the space for her use alone, and it (the get) fell on a beam or a rock, if the space on which it fell is not 4 cubits by 4 cubits, and is not 10 handbreadths high, and it does not have an adjectival name, she is divorced. If even one of these qualifications is present, then [we presume] he separated a region for himself, and he lent her one space and not two spaces, and she is therefore not divorced. There is an authority who wrote that even if none of these qualifications are present she is still not divorced until the get lands within her 4 cubits personal space.

יב הִשְׁאִיל לָהּ גַּגּוֹ, וְנָפַל הַגֵּט עַל גַּג שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אֶצְלוֹ, מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, כֵּיוָן שֶּׁאֵין דִּיּוּרִים קְבוּעִים בַּגַּג אֵינוֹ מַקְפִּיד עָלָיו. וְיֵשׁ מִי שֶׁכָּתַב, שֶׁאֲפִלּוּ נָפַל הַגֵּט עַל גַּג שֶׁל כָּל אָדָם, וְהִיא יְכוֹלָה לִפְשֹׁט יָדָהּ וְלִטְּלוֹ מִשָּׁם, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:

12 If her lent her his roof, and the get fell on a roof that he has in his possession, she is divorced, for since it is not customary to inhabit the roof in a fixed fashion, he does not care about the roof (and therefore the get is considered to be in her possession). There is an authority who wrote that even if it fell on someone else's roof and she can reach out and take it from there, she is divorced.

יג זְרָקוֹ לָהּ בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, אוֹ בִּרְשׁוּת שֶׁאֵינָהּ שֶׁל שְׁנֵיהֶם, קָרוֹב לוֹ אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. הָיָה הַגֵּט מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה, וּמִמֶּחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה עַד שֶׁיִּהְיֶה קָרוֹב לָהּ, הֲרֵי זוֹ סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. הָיָה קָרוֹב לָהּ כְּדֵי שֶׁתָּשׁוּחַ וְתִטְּלֶנּוּ, הֲרֵי זֶה פָּסוּל, עַד שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ לְיָדָהּ, וְאַחַר כָּךְ תִּנָּשֵׂא בּוֹ לְכַתְּחִלָּה. כֵּיצַד הוּא קָרוֹב לוֹ, הָיָה הוּא יָכוֹל לְשָׁמְרוֹ וְהִיא אֵינָהּ יְכוֹלָה לְשָׁמְרוֹ, זֶה הוּא קָרוֹב לוֹ. שְׁנֵיהֶם יְכוֹלִים לְשָׁמְרוֹ, אוֹ שְׁנֵיהֶם אֵינָם יְכוֹלִים לְשָׁמְרוֹ, זֶהוּ מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה:

13 If a man threw a writ to his wife in a public space, or is a place that was not their shared property, if it falls closer to him she is not divorced. If it is precisely in between them, or anywhere that is not decisively closer to her, she is doubtfully divorced. If it is close enough to her for her to bend down and pick it up, it is an invalid until it reaches her hand, and then she may remarry with it (even as a matter of first resort). What is meant by 'closer to him'? If he could protect it [from theft] and she could not, it is closer to him. If both of them could guard it, or neither of them, it is considered in between.

יד בָּא הוּא תְּחִלָּה וְעָמַד, וְאַחַר כָּךְ עָמְדָה הִיא כְּנֶגְדּוֹ, וּזְרָקוֹ לָהּ, אִם הָיָה הַגֵּט בְּתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁלּוֹ, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאִם תָּשׁוּחַ תִּטְּלֶנּוּ. עָמְדָה הִיא תְחִלָה, וּבָא הוּא וְעָמַד כְּנֶגְדָּהּ וּזְרָקוֹ לָהּ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא מֶחֱצָה לְמֶחֱצָה, הוֹאִיל וְהִיא לְתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁלָּהּ, הֲרֵי זֶה גֵּט פָּסוּל, עַד שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ הַגֵּט לְיָדָהּ. הַגָּה: אֲבָל אִם זָרַק לָהּ לְתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁלָּהּ, וְאֵין הַבַּעַל נִכְנַס לְתוֹכוֹ, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. וְכָל זֶה מִדִּינָא, אֲבָל לְכַתְּחִלָּה אֵין לְגָרֵשׁ, אֲפִלּוּ לִתֵּן הַגֵּט לְתוֹךְ חֲצֵרָהּ אוֹ לְתוֹךְ מַלְבּוּשֶׁיהָ, אֶלָּא לְתוֹךְ יָדָהּ מַמָּשׁ, וְיָדָהּ תְּהֵא פְּתוּחָה מִתְּחִלַּת הַנְּתִינָה עַד סוֹפָהּ (מָרְדְּכַי פֶּרֶק הַזּוֹרֵק וּסְמַ"ק וְכָל בּוֹ), כְּמוֹ שֶׁנִּתְבָּאֵר לְעֵיל סִימָן קל"ח. וַאֲפִלּוּ בְּדִיעֲבַד אֵין לְהַתִּירָהּ לְעָלְמָא עַד שֶׁבָּא הַגֵּט לְיָדָהּ מַמָּשׁ. וְנָהֲגוּ עוֹד שֶׁלְּאַחַר שֶׁנָּתַן לָהּ הַגֵּט תִּסְגֹּר יָדֶיהָ וְתַכְנִיסֶנּוּ תַּחַת בְּגָדֶיהֶ. וְתִזָּהֵר שֶׁלֹּא יְסַיֵּע לָהּ שׁוּם אָדָם בְּקַבָּלָתוֹ, גַּם לֹא יְהֵא שׁוּם דָּבָר, כְּגוֹן טַבַּעַת, בְּיָדָהּ, וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּזֶה, בִּשְׁעַת קַבָּלָתוֹ (הַכֹּל בְּסֵדֶר הַגֵּט):

14 If he came first and stood, and afterwards she stood opposite to him, and he threw (the divorce bill)to her, if the divorce bill was within four cubits of distance from him, she is not divorced, even though if it rolls she will take it. If she came first and stood, and he arrived and stood opposite her and he threw (the divorce bill)to her, even though he is halfway, since she is within her four cubits, this is an invalid divorce bill until the divorce bill gets to her hand. Rema: However, if he threw to her within her four cubits and the husband did not come within her four cubits, she is divorced. And all this is according to the law, but from the outset this is no divorce, and [the same applies regarding] even throwing the divorce bill in her courtyard or inside her clothing - rather, inside her hand literally, and her hand needs to be open from the beginning of the [process of] giving to the end (Mordechai Chapter Hazorek, and Smak, and Kol Bo) as we explained above on the siman 138. And even after the fact we should not permit her to the world unless the divorce bill gets literally to her hand. And there is still the practice that she closes her hand after the giving of the divorce bill, and puts it inside her clothes. And be careful that no man should aid her in the [act of] receiving the divorce bill, and that no thing should be in her hands, such a ring and the like, at the moment of the receiving (everything according to the divorce bill).

טו הָיָה יָדָהּ קָטַפְרֵס (פי', שֶׁהֶעֱמִידָה יָדָהּ מְשֻׁפַּעַת, וְלֹא זְקוּפָה כִּמְחִצָה וְלֹא פְּשׁוּטָה לְקַבֵּל), וְזָרַק הַגֵּט עַל יָדָהּ וְנָפַל לָאָרֶץ, אִם נָפַל לְתוֹךְ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁלָּהּ וְנָח, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. וְאִם לֹא נָח בְּתוֹכָן, אֶלָּא נִתְגַּלְגֵּל מִיָּד מִתּוֹכָהּ לְחוּצָה לָהֶן, הֲרֵי זוֹ סְפֵק מְגֹרֶשֶׁת. נָפַל לְתוֹךְ הַיָּם אוֹ לְתוֹךְ הָאֵשׁ, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת; וְהוּא שֶׁתְּהֵא עַל גַּבֵּי הַמַּיִם אוֹ סָמוּךְ לָאֵשׁ, שֶׁמִּתְּחִלַּת נְפִילָתוֹ, לְאִבּוּד הָיָה עוֹמֵד. הַגָּה: וְכָל זֶה שֶׁאֵינָהּ עוֹמֶדֶת בִּרְשׁוּתָהּ, אֲבָל אִם עוֹמֶדֶת בִּרְשׁוּתָהּ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנָּפַל מִיָּדָהּ וְנִתְגַּלְגֵּל חוּץ לְאַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת, מְגֹרֶשֶׁת, דְּהָא לֹא נִתְגַּלְגֵּל רַק לִרְשׁוּתָהּ. מִיהוּ, לְדִידָן דְּאֵין מְגָרְשִׁין עַל יְדֵי רְשׁוּתָהּ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנִּתְבָּאֵר, אִם נָפַל הַגֵּט מִיָּדָהּ צָרִיךְ לְגָרְשָׁה שֵׁנִית. וְעַל כֵּן תַּגְבִּיהַּ הָאִשָּׁה יָדֶיהָ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁמְּקַבֶּלֶת גִּטָּהּ, שֶׁלֹּא יִפֹּל מִיָּדָהּ. גַּם יִהְיוּ יָדֶיהָ גְּבוֹהוֹת מִן הָאָרֶץ ג' טְפָחִים (ג"ז בְּסֵדֶר גִּטִּין):

15 If her hand was katafres (explanation - she had her hand slanted [obviously ready to receive the divorce bill], and not vertical like a partition not ready to receive), and he threw the divorce bill towards her hand and it fell on the ground: if it fell within four cubits and it stayed there, this is a divorcee. And if it did not stay within [the four cubits], and rather rolled immediately outside of [these boundaries], this is a doubtfully divorcee. If [the divorce bill] fell into the sea or into the fire, she is not a divorcee. And if it was close to the water or the fire - from the beginning of the fall it was in position to be destroyed. Rema: "And all this only applies if she is not in her own domain, but if she is in her domain, even though it fell from her hand and rolled outside of the four cubits, she is divorced, since it only rolled in her domain. However, to us, [whose practice is] that we don't divorce [a woman] through her domain, as we explained, if the divorce bill fell from her hand she needs to be divorced a second time. And thus, the woman raises her hands in the moment that she receives the divorce bill, so that it won't fall from her hand. Also, her hands need to be higher than 3 hand breadths from the ground."

טז נָתַן בְּיַד עַבְדָּהּ, וְהוּא נֵעוֹר, וְהִיא מְשַׁמַּרְתּוֹ, אִם הָיָה כָּפוּת הֲרֵי זֶה גֵּט, וּכְאִלּוּ הִגִּיעַ לַחֲצֵרָהּ שֶׁהִיא עוֹמֶדֶת בְּצִדָּהּ. וְאִם אֵינוֹ כָּפוּת, אֵינוֹ גֵּט. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים דְּתַרְתֵּי בָּעֵינָן: כָּפוּת, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא חָצֵר מְהַלֶּכֶת; וְיָשֵׁן, כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּהֵא מִשְׁתַּמֵּר לְדַעְתָּהּ:

16 If he put it in the hand of her [Canaanite - non-Jewish] slave (the laws of Canaanite slaves and land are comparable in many ways) and he is awake and she is guarding him, if he was bound, then she is divorced, for it is if it landed in her courtyard next to which she is standing. If he was not bound, she is not divorced. Some authorities say that two [qualifications] are needed: Binding - so that he will not be a mobile courtyard; and sleeping - so that he will be watched as per her volition (and not the slave's volition).

יז נְתָנוֹ בְּיַד הָעֶבֶד, וְהוּא יָשֵׁן וְהִיא מְשַׁמַּרְתּוֹ, הֲרֵי זֶה פָּסוּל. וְאִם הָיָה כָּפוּת, הֲרֵי זוֹ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:

17 If he put the get in the hands of the slave and he is sleeping and she is guarding him, the get is invalid. If he was bound, she is divorced.

יח כָּתַב הַגֵּט וּנְתָנוֹ בְּיַד עַבְדּוֹ, וְכָתַב לָהּ שְׁטַר מַתָּנָה עָלָיו, כֵּיוָן שֶׁזָּכְתָה בָּעֶבֶד זָכְתָה בַּגֵּט וְנִתְגָּרְשָׁה, אִם הָיָה כָּפוּת. וְאִם אֵינוֹ כָּפוּת, וְנֵעוֹר, קָנְתָה הָעֶבֶד, וְאֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת עַד שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ הַגֵּט לְיָדָהּ. וְכֵן אִם נָתַן הַגֵּט בַּחֲצֵרוֹ וּמָכַר לָהּ הֶחָצֵר, אוֹ נְתָנוֹ לָהּ, כֵּיוָן שֶׁקָּנְתָה הֶחָצֵר בִּשְׁטָר אוֹ בְּכֶסֶף אוֹ בַּחֲזָקָה, נִתְגָּרְשָׁה. אֲבָל אִם נְתָנוֹ בַּחֲצֵרוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם אַחֵר, וְהָאַחֵר נָתַן לָהּ הֶחָצֵר, אוֹ שֶׁקְּנָאַתוּ מִמֶּנּוּ, אֵינָהּ מְגֹרֶשֶׁת:

18 If he wrote the get and put it in the hands of his slave, and wrote her a writ of gift-giving transferring ownership of the slave to her, since she has acquired the slave, she acquires the get and is divorced - if the slave was bound. If he was not bound, and he was awake, she acquires the slave, but is not divorced until the writ of divorce actually arrives in her hands. Similarly, if he put the get into his courtyard, and sold her the courtyard, or gave her the courtyard as a gift, since she has acquired the courtyard with a document of sale or with monetary acquisition, or by making an improvement in the courtyard (a form of acquisition protocol), she is divorced. But if he put the get in another man's courtyard, and the other man subsequently gave her the courtyard, or she bought it from him, she is not divorced (because there was never any delivery of the get from husband to wife).

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