יא מִי שֶׁבָּא בַּדֶּרֶךְ וּמַכִּיר אִילָן אוֹ גָּדֵר בְּסוֹף אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה, וְיָרֵא שֶׁמָּא תֶחְשַׁךְ קֹדֶם שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ שָׁם, וְאָמַר: שְׁבִיתָתִי תַּחְתָּיו בְּעִקָּרוֹ, קָנָה שְׁבִיתָה בְּעִקָּרוֹ וְיֵשׁ לוֹ מִשָּׁם אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהַגִּיעַ שָׁם מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם בְּמַהֲלָךְ בֵּינוֹנִי אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן יָרוּץ, מֻתָּר לֵילֵךְ לְשָׁם בְּנַחַת אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מַגִּיעַ שָׁם מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. אֲבָל אִם לֹא הָיָה יָכוֹל לְהַגִּיעַ שָׁם כְּלָל מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, לֹא יָזוּז מִמְּקוֹמוֹ, שֶׁהֲרֵי עָקַר דַּעְתּוֹ מִכָּאן וְגַם שָׁם לֹא קָנָה. וְדַוְקָא שֶׁיִּחֵד ד' אַמּוֹת וְהֵם בְּתוֹךְ אַלְפַּיִם אַמָּה, כְּגוֹן שֶׁאָמַר: שְׁבִיתָתִי בְּעִקָּרוֹ, וּמִכָּאן עַד עִקָּרוֹ אֵין יוֹתֵר מֵאַלְפַּיִם. אֲבָל אִם אֵין כָּל הָאִילָן בְּתוֹךְ אַלְפַּיִם, וְלֹא יִחֵד מָקוֹם תַּחְתָּיו, לֹא קָנָה שְׁבִיתָה דְּשֶׁמָּא הָיָה בְּדַעְתּוֹ עַל אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁהֵם חוּץ לְאַלְפַּיִם, וְגַם כָּאן לֹא קָנָה, שֶׁהֲרֵי עָקַר דַּעְתּוֹ מִכָּאן, וְלֹא יָזוּז מִמְּקוֹמוֹ. וְאִם כֻּלּוֹ עוֹמֵד תּוֹךְ אַלְפַּיִם וְלֹא יִחֵד מְקוֹם שְׁבִיתָתוֹ, כְּגוֹן שֶׁאָמַר: שְׁבִיתָתִי תַּחְתָּיו, יֵשׁ לוֹ אַרְבָּעָה אֲלָפִים מִמְּקוֹמוֹ לְצַד הָאִילָן חוּץ מִשִּׁעוּר מֶשֶׁךְ תַּחְתָּיו שֶׁל אִילָן; כְּגוֹן אִם שִׁעוּר הָאִילָן עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה, יֵשׁ לוֹ שָׁם אַלְפַּיִם פָּחוֹת עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה. וּלְהָרַמְבָּ"ם, הַקּוֹנֶה שְׁבִיתָה בְּרִחוּק מָקוֹם וְלֹא סִיֵּם מְקוֹם שְׁבִיתָתוֹ, לֹא קָנָה שְׁבִיתָה שָׁם אֶלָּא בַּמָּקוֹם שֶׁהָיָה עוֹמֵד בּוֹ כְּשֶׁחָשְׁכָה; וְכֵן אִם אָמַר: שְׁבִיתָתִי בְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי, וְהוּא רָחוֹק מִמֶּנּוּ יוֹתֵר מֵאַלְפַּיִם, קָנָה שְׁבִיתָה בִּמְקוֹמוֹ. וְהָאוֹמֵר: שְׁבִיתָתִי תַּחַת אִילָן פְּלוֹנִי, אִם יֵשׁ תַּחְתָּיו שְׁמוֹנֶה אַמּוֹת אוֹ יוֹתֵר, לֹא קָנָה שְׁבִיתָה שֶׁהֲרֵי לֹא כִּוֵּן מְקוֹם שְׁבִיתָתוֹ. לְפִיכָךְ צָרִיךְ לְהִתְכַּוֵּן לִשְׁבֹּת בְּעִקָּרוֹ, אוֹ בְּד' אַמּוֹת שֶׁבִּצְפוֹנוֹ אוֹ בִּדְרוֹמוֹ. וְאִם הָיָה תַּחְתָּיו פָּחוֹת מִשְּׁמוֹנֶה אַמּוֹת, וְנִתְכַּוֵּן לִשְׁבֹּת תַּחְתָּיו, קָנָה; שֶׁהֲרֵי מִקְצָת מְקוֹמוֹ מְסֻיָּם. וְכֵן דַּעַת הָרִי"ף בָּזֶה.
11 One who was traveling and recognized a tree or fence at the end of two thousand cubits and feared nightfall might come before he arrived there, and said "my Shabbat rest is beneath it at its base" — he acquires Shabbat rest at its base and has two thousand cubits from there, even if he cannot reach there before nightfall at a normal walking pace unless he runs. He is permitted to go there at a normal pace even if he does not arrive before nightfall. But if he could not reach there at all before nightfall, he may not move from his place, since he uprooted his intention from here and did not acquire there either. This applies specifically when he specified four cubits that are within two thousand cubits — such as saying "my Shabbat rest is at its base" and the distance from here to its base is no more than two thousand. But if the entire tree is not within two thousand cubits and he did not specify a place beneath it, he has not acquired Shabbat rest — since perhaps he had in mind four cubits that are beyond two thousand — and here too he has not acquired, since he uprooted his intention from here, and he may not move from his place. If the entire tree stands within two thousand cubits and he did not specify his Shabbat rest location — such as saying "my Shabbat rest is beneath it" — he has four thousand cubits from his location toward the tree, minus the measure of the tree's spread beneath it; for example if the tree's spread is twenty cubits, he has two thousand minus twenty cubits there. According to Rambam, one who acquires Shabbat rest at a distant place without specifying his Shabbat rest location has not acquired Shabbat rest there but only at the place where he was standing when nightfall came. Similarly if he said "my Shabbat rest is in such-and-such place" and it is more than two thousand cubits away, he acquires Shabbat rest at his own location. One who says "my Shabbat rest is beneath such-and-such tree" — if the area beneath it is eight cubits or more, he has not acquired Shabbat rest since he did not specify his Shabbat rest location; therefore he must intend to rest at its base or within four cubits to its north or south. If the area beneath it is less than eight cubits and he intended to rest beneath it, he has acquired Shabbat rest since his location is at least partially specified. The Rif rules similarly.