Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim Siman 444

Siman 444

Presented here for study, not as a practical ruling. The Shulchan Aruch rules by Sephardi custom, the Rema's glosses by Ashkenazi custom, and the Kitzur follows Ashkenazi custom. For a practical question, ask your rabbi.

א י"ד שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּשַׁבָּת, בּוֹדְקִין לֵיל שְׁלֹשָׁה עָשָׂר. וּמְבַעֲרִים הַכֹּל לִפְנֵי הַשַּׁבָּת, וּמְשַׁיְּרִין מְזוֹן שְׁתֵּי סְעֻדּוֹת לְצֹרֶךְ הַשַּׁבָּת, דִּסְעֻדָּה שְׁלִישִׁית זְמַנָּהּ אַחַר הַמִּנְחָה וְאָז אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ לֹא בְּמַצָּה וְלֹא בְּחָמֵץ אֶלָּא בְּמַצָּה עֲשִׁירָה, וְצָרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ קֹדֶם שָׁעָה עֲשִׂירִית. הַגָּה: וּבִמְדִינוֹת אֵלּוּ שֶׁאֵין נוֹהֲגִין לֶאֱכֹל מַצָּה עֲשִׁירָה, כְּדִלְקַמָּן סִימָן תס"ב סָעִיף ד' בְּהַגָּה, יְקַיֵּם סְעֻדָּה שְׁלִישִׁית בְּמִינֵי פֵּרוֹת אוֹ בְּבָּשָׂר וְדָגִים כְּדִלְעֵיל סִימָן רצ"א סָעִיף ה' בְּהַגָּה.
1 When the 14th of Nissan occurs on Shabbat we search for Hametz on the 13th and burn everything before Shabbat and we leave over enough food for the first two Shabbat meals for the timing of the third meal is after Mincha time and at that time we are not able to have the meal with either matzah or hametz rather with matzah ashirah (egg matzah) and the meal should be eaten before the tenth hour. Rema: And in our lands where we don't eat matzah ashirah (egg matzah) as said above in section 462:4 we have the third meal with fruit or meat or fish as is found above in 291:5.
ב טוֹב לְבַעֵר בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת קֹדֶם חֲצוֹת, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יָבוֹאוּ לִטְעוֹת בִּשְׁאָר שָׁנִים לְבַעֵר אַחַר חֲצוֹת. וּבְיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת, יְבַטְּלֶנּוּ (טוּר).
2 It is good to burn [the leaven] on the eve of Sabbath before noon, in order to avoid making the mistake in other years of burning after noon (and on the Sabbath day he should nullify it) (Tur).
ג אֵין מְבַשְּׁלִין לְשַׁבָּת זֶה דַּיְסָא וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּזֶה, וְאֵין עוֹשִׂין בּוֹ פַּת הַצְּנוּמָה בַּקְעָרָה. הַגָּה: וְאִם עָבַר וּבִשֵּׁל וְהַמַּאֲכָל דָּבוּק בַּקְּדֵרָה וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לְקַנְּחוֹ, יֵשׁ לַהֲדִיחוֹ מְעַט לְהַעֲבִיר הֶחָמֵץ (מַהֲרִי"ו).
3 We do not cook porridge or anything like it for this Sabbath, and we do not make shrunken bread in a bowl. Rema: And if one transgressed and cooked [something like it] and the food is stuck to the pan, and it is impossible to clean, one should rub it a little to remove the leaven.
ד אַחַר שֶׁאָכַל בְּשַׁבָּת זֶה סְעֻדַּת שַׁחֲרִית, יְנַעֵר הַמַּפָּה שֶׁאָכְלוּ בָּהּ, וִיקַנַּח הַקְּעָרוֹת בְּאֶצְבָּעוֹ, וְיִטְמְנֵם מִן הָעַיִן עִם שְׁאָר כְּלֵי הֶחָמֵץ, וְאִם נִשְׁאַר פַּת יָכוֹל לִתְּנוֹ לְעַכּוּ"ם עַל מְנַת שֶׁלֹּא לָצֵאת בּוֹ לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, דֶּרֶךְ הַעֲרָמָה, וְדָבָר מוּעָט.
4 After one has eaten the morning meal this Sabbath, he should shake out the table cloth that they ate with, and clean the plates with his finger, and hide them with his other utensils of leaven. And if bread remains, one may give it to a stranger on the condition that he not go out to the public domain with it, [even if that condition is given] dishonestly, and [only bread of] a small amount.
ה אִם נִשְׁאַר חָמֵץ אַחַר שֶׁאֲכָלוֹ, מְבַטְּלוֹ וְכוֹפֶה עָלָיו כְּלִי עַד מוֹצָאֵי יוֹם טוֹב, וּמְבַעֲרוֹ.
5 If leaven remains after they ate, he should nullify it and cover it with a vessel, until after the Festival, and burn it.
ו אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא יִשָּׁאֵר הֶחָמֵץ בַּבַּיִת אַחַר סְעֻדַּת שַׁחֲרִית, צָרִיךְ לְבַטֵּל הֶחָמֵץ כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁהוּא מְבַטֵּל בִּשְׁאָר שָׁנִים.
6 Even if no leaven remains in the house after the morning meal - he must nullify leaven the way he nullifies it in other years."
ז הַהוֹלֵךְ בְּיוֹם אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר לִדְבַר מִצְוָה, כְּגוֹן לָמוּל אֶת בְּנוֹ אוֹ לֶאֱכֹל סְעֻדַּת אֵרוּסִין בְּבֵית חָמִיו, וְנִזְכַּר שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ חָמֵץ בְּבֵיתוֹ, אִם יָכוֹל לַחֲזֹר לְבֵיתוֹ וּלְבַעֵר וְלַחֲזֹר לְמִצְוָתוֹ, יַחֲזֹר וִיבַעֵר; וְאִם לָאו, יְבַטְּלֶנּוּ בְּלִבּוֹ. וְאִם הָיָה הוֹלֵךְ לְהַצִּיל מִן הַנָּהָר וּמִן הַדְּלֵקָה וּמֵהַמַּפֹּלֶת וּמִיַּד עַכּוּ"ם, יְבַטְּלֶנּוּ בְּלִבּוֹ וְלֹא יַחֲזֹר אֲפִלּוּ יֵשׁ שְׁהוּת. וְאִם יָצָא לְצֹרֶךְ עַצְמוֹ, יַחֲזֹר מִיָּד; עַד כַּמָּה הוּא חוֹזֵר, עַד כַּבֵּיצָה, פָּחוֹת מִכָּאן מְבַטְּלוֹ בְּלִבּוֹ וְדַיּוֹ.
7 One who is traveling on the fourteenth [of Nisan] for the sake of a mitzvah, such as to circumcise his son or to partake in a betrothal meal at his father-in-law’s house, and remembers that he has leaven in his home: if he is able to return to his house, remove it, and then go back to his mitzvah, he should return and remove it; but if not, he should nullify it in his heart. If he was going to rescue [someone] from a river, from a fire, from a collapse, or from [danger posed by] non-Jews, he should nullify it in his heart and not return, even if there is time. If he left for his own personal needs, he must return immediately. Up to what point must he return? Up to the amount of an egg; for less than this, he nullifies it in his heart and that suffices.
ח הָיְתָה לוֹ עִסָה בְּבֵיתוֹ וְהוּא טָרוּד בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר וְיָרֵא שֶׁמָּא תַּחְמִיץ, מְבַטְּלָהּ בְּלִבּוֹ קֹדֶם שֶׁתַּחְמִיץ; אֲבָל אִם הֶחְמִיצָה אֵין הַבִּטּוּל מוֹעִיל, אִם הוּא אַחַר זְמַן אִסוּרוֹ.
8 If he had dough in his house and he is occupied elsewhere, and he fears that it may become leaven, he should nullify it in his heart before it becomes leaven; but if it already became leaven, nullification is not effective if this is after the time when it is prohibited.
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