כב אֶחָד מִבְּנֵי הֶחָצֵר אוֹ מִבְּנֵי מָבוֹי שֶׁבִּקֵּשׁ לֵיעָשׂוֹת מְלַמֵּד תִּינוֹקוֹת, אֵין שְׁכֵנָיו יְכוֹלִים לִמְחוֹת בְּיָדוֹ. וְכֵן מְלַמֵּד תִּינוֹקוֹת שֶׁבָּא חֲבֵרוֹ וּפָתַח בַּיִת לְלַמֵּד תִּינוֹקוֹת בְּצִדּוֹ, כְּדֵי שֶׁיָּבִיאוּ לוֹ תִּינוֹקוֹת אֲחֵרִים אוֹ כְּדֵי שֶׁיָּבוֹאוּ הַתִּינוֹקוֹת שֶׁאֵצֶל זֶה לָזֶה, אֵין יְכוֹלִים לִמְחוֹת בְּיָדוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ה' חָפֵץ לְמַעַן צִדְקוֹ יַגְדִּיל תּוֹרָה וְיַאְדִּיר (יְשַׁעְיָהוּ מב, כא). הַגָּה: רַב הַיּוֹשֵׁב בָּעִיר וְלוֹמֵד לָרַבִּים, יָכוֹל חָכָם אַחֵר לָבוֹא וּלְלַמֵּד גַּם כֵּן שָׁם, אֲפִלּוּ מְקַפֵּחַ קְצָת פַּרְנָסַת הָרִאשׁוֹן, כְּגוֹן שֶׁהַקָּהָל קִבְּלוּ הָרִאשׁוֹן עֲלֵיהֶם לְרַב וְנוֹטֵל פְּרָס מֵהֶם עַל זֶה, אֲפִלּוּ הָכֵי יָכוֹל הַשֵּׁנִי לָבוֹא לָדוּר שָׁם וּלְהַחֲזִיק רַבָּנוּת בְּכָל דָּבָר, כְּמוֹ הָרִאשׁוֹן, אִם הוּא גָּדוֹל וְרָאוּי לְכָךְ. (מהרי"ו סי' קנ"א ומהרא"י בִּפְסָקָיו סִימָן קנ"ח ע"ש תשו' הַגְּדוֹלִים). אֲבָל אִם בָּא חָכָם אַכְסְנַאי לָעִיר, אֵין לוֹ לְקַפֵּחַ שְׂכַר הָרַב הַדָּר שָׁם לַעֲשׂוֹת חֻפּוֹת וְקִדּוּשִׁין וְלִטֹּל הַשָּׂכָר הַבָּא מֵהֶם, הוֹאִיל וְהוּא פְּרַס הָרַב הַדָּר שָׁם; אֲבָל מֻתָּר לַעֲשׂוֹת הַחֻפָּה וְלָתֵת הַשָּׂכָר לָרַב הַקָּבוּעַ. וְכֵן מֻתָּר לוֹ לָדוּן בֵּין שְׁנֵי בַּעֲלֵי דִּינִין שֶׁבָּעִיר הַבָּאִים לְפָנָיו לָדוּן, דְּדִּלְמָא הָרַב שֶׁבָּעִיר אֵין מְמֻצָּע לָהֶם. אֲבָל אֵין לוֹ לְהוֹרוֹת אִסּוּר וְהֶתֵּר, אוֹ לִדְרֹשׁ לִנְהֹג שְׂרָרָה, בְּאַתְרֵיהּ דְּחַבְרֵיהּ. (מהרי"ק שֹׁרֶשׁ ק"ע ומהר"ד בִּתְשׁוּבָה כ"ב). מִי שֶׁהֻחְזַק לְרַב בָּעִיר, אֲפִלּוּ הֶחֱזִיק בְּעַצְמוֹ בְּאֵיזֶה שְׂרָרָה, אֵין לְהוֹרִידוֹ מִגְּדֻלָּתוֹ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁבָּא לְשָׁם אַחֵר גָּדוֹל מִמֶּנּוּ (ריב"ש סִימָן רע"א). אֲפִלּוּ בְּנוֹ וּבֶן בְּנוֹ לְעוֹלָם קוֹדְמִים לַאֲחֵרִים, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁמְּמַלְּאִים מְקוֹם אֲבוֹתֵיהֶם בְּיִרְאָה וְהֵם חֲכָמִים קְצָת. (רַמְבַּ"ם פֶּרֶק א' מֵהִלְכוֹת מְלָכִים). וּבְמָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ מִנְהָג לְקַבֵּל רַב עַל זְמַן קָצוּב, אוֹ שֶׁמִּנְהָג לִבְחֹר בְּמִי שֶׁיִּרְצוּ, הָרְשׁוּת בְּיָדָם, (כָּל בּוֹ). אֲבָל כָּל שֶׁקִּבְּלוּ הַקָּהָל עֲלֵיהֶם, וְכָל שֶׁכֵּן אִם עָשׂוּ בִּרְצוֹן הַשְּׂרָרָה, אֵין לְשׁוּם גָּדוֹל בָּעוֹלָם לְהִשְׂתָּרֵר עָלָיו וּלְהוֹרִידוֹ (שָׁם בריב"ש).
22 One of the residents of a courtyard or the residents of an alleyway who sought to become a teacher of children, his neighbors cannot object to him. And similarly, a teacher of children whose colleague came and opened a house to teach children beside him, in order that other children should come to him or in order that the children who are with this one should come to that one, they cannot object to him, as it is stated: "Hashem desires, for the sake of His righteousness, that the Torah be made great and glorious" (Yeshayahu 42:21). Rema: A rabbi who sits in the city and teaches the masses, another sage can come and teach there as well, even if he somewhat cuts off the livelihood of the first, such as when the community accepted the first as their rabbi and takes a fee from them for this, even so, the second can come to reside there and to maintain authority in every matter, like the first, if he is great and fit for this. (Mahari"v, Siman 151 and Mahara"i in his Psakim, Siman 158, see there the responsa of the great ones). But if a visiting sage came to the city, he may not cut off the salary of the rabbi who resides there to perform weddings and to collect the fee that comes from them, since it is the salary of the resident rabbi; but he is permitted to perform the wedding and to give the fee to the established rabbi. And similarly, he is permitted to judge between two litigants in the city who come before him to judge, for perhaps the rabbi in the city is not suitable for them. But he may not teach matters of prohibition and permissibility, or to preach to act with authority, in the place of his fellow. (Mahari"k, Shoresh 170 and Mahar"d in a responsa 22). One who was established as a rabbi in the city, even if he established himself in some authority, he may not be removed from his greatness even though another came there who is greater than he.(Rivash, Siman 271). Even his son and his grandson forever precede others, as long as they fill the place of their fathers in piety and they are somewhat wise. (Rambam, Chapter 1 of Hilchos Melachim). And in a place where there is a custom to accept a rabbi for a set time, or that it is customary to choose whomever they desire, they have the authority, (Kol Bo). But anyone whom the community accepted upon themselves, and all the more so if they did so with the consent of the authority, no great one in the world may usurp authority over him and remove him. (Ibid. in Rivash).