Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer Siman 168

Siman 168

Presented here for study, not as a practical ruling. The Shulchan Aruch rules by Sephardi custom, the Rema's glosses by Ashkenazi custom, and the Kitzur follows Ashkenazi custom. For a practical question, ask your rabbi.

א מִשֶּׁיִּבֵּם הַיָּבָם אֶת הַיְבָמָה, הֲרֵי הִיא כְּאִשְׁתּוֹ לְכָל דָּבָר, שֶׁיָּכוֹל לְהוֹצִיאָהּ בְּגֵט וְיָכוֹל לְהַחֲזִירָהּ:
1 When a man performs levirate marriage with his sister-in-law she is married to him in every respect; he ma divorce her a writ of divorce and subsequently remarry her.
ב גֵּרְשָׁהּ וְהֶחֱזִירָהּ קֹדֶם שֶׁפָּרַע לָהּ כְּתֻבָּתָהּ, דִּינָהּ כְּאִשָּׁה אַחֶרֶת שֶׁגֵּרְשָׁהּ וְהֶחֱזִירָהּ, שֶׁאֵין לָהּ אֶלָּא כְּתֻבָּה אַחַת:
2 If he divorced her and accepted her back before he paid her ketubbah to her, she is considered as any other woman who was divorced and subsequently remarried [to the same man], that is, she only has one Ketubah.
ג יְבָמָה, כְּתֻבָּתָהּ עַל נִכְסֵי בַּעְלָהּ הָרִאשׁוֹן. לְפִיכָךְ, אֵין הַיָּבָם רַשַּׁאי לִמְכֹּר כְּלוּם מִכָּל נִכְסֵי אָחִיו. וְאִם מָכַר אוֹ נָתַן מַתָּנָה, אוֹ חָלַק עִם אֶחָיו בִּנִכְסֵי הַמֵּת, בֵּין קֹדֶם יִבּוּם בֵּין אַחַר יִבּוּם, לֹא עָשָׂה כְּלוּם:
3 A yevamah, the responsibility for her ketubah is on her first husband's estate. Therefore, the yavam is not allowed to sell any of his brother's property. And if he sold or gave part away as a present, or divided some of the dead brother's property with the other brothers, whether before or after yibbum, he has done nothing.
ד הִנִּיחַ אָחִיו פֵּרוֹת מְחֻבָּרִים לַקַּרְקַע, יִמָּכְרוּ, וְיִלָּקַח בָּהֶם קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת:
4 If his [dead] brother left produce still attached to the ground, it should be sold, and produce bought with the proceeds, and he eats the fruit.
ה הִנִּיחַ פֵּרוֹת תְּלוּשִׁין אוֹ מִטַּלְטְלֵים, יִמָּכְרוּ, וְיִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. וְהוּא הַדִּין אִם הִנִּיחַ מָעוֹת. וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם הָיָה הוּא חַיָּב לְאָחִיו מָנֶה, מוֹצִיאִין מִיָּדוֹ וְיִלָּקַח בָּהֶם קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים שֶׁבְּפֵרוֹת תְּלוּשִׁין וּמִטַּלְטְלֵין וּמָעוֹת, מִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ בָּהֶם כְּמוֹ שֶׁיִּרְצֶה. וְאִם כָּתוּב בַּכְּתֻבָּה: מְטַלְטְלֵי אַגַּב מְקַרְקְעֵי, לְדִבְרֵי הַכֹּל יִלָּקַח בָּהֶם קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. הַגָּה: וּמִכָּל מָקוֹם, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁלֹּא כָּנְסָהּ, אֵין נוֹתְנִים הַנְּכָסִים לְיָדוֹ, אֶלָּא מוֹצִיאִין כָּל הַמִּטַּלְטְלִין וְהַמָּעוֹת מִיָּדוֹ לְיַד בֵּית דִּין אוֹ לְאַפּוֹטְרוֹפּוֹס, (אֲבָל) הַקַּרְקָעוֹת הוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת (ב"י בְּשֵׁם הָרַשְׁבָּ"א):
5 If he [died] and left produce detached from the ground or movable property, it should be sold and land bought with the proceeds and he will eat the fruit. And the same is true if he left money. And even if he was liable to pay he brother money, they take it out of his hand, and land is bought with it, and he eats the fruit. And there are those who says that when it comes to produce detached from the ground or movable property, or money, he can use them as he wishes. And if it was written in the ketubah: Movable property based on the value of land, all agree that land should be purchased and he eats the produce. Rema: In any case, as long as he has not married her, we don't give him the money, rather we take all of the movable property and the coins from his hand and give them to the court or to a guardian. But land--he eats the fruit (Bet Yosef in the name of the Rashba).
ו הַנְּכָסִים שֶׁבְּיַד הַיְבָמָה, מוֹצִיאִין אוֹתָם מִיָּדָהּ וְיִלָּקַח בָּהֶם קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת:
6 Property that is the hands of the yevamah, they take it from her and purchase with it land, and he eats the fruit.
ז אֲפִלּוּ גֵּרְשָׁהּ וּכְנָסָהּ אַחַר כָּךְ סְתָם, אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לִמְכֹּר מִנִּכְסֵי אָחִיו, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן יַתְנֶה בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁמַּחֲזִירָהּ שֶׁכְּתֻבָּתָהּ עַל כָּל נְכָסָיו. וּבְלֹא גֵּרוּשִׁין, אִם מִתְרַצָּה לוֹ עַל מְנָת שֶׁיִּכְתֹּב לָהּ אַחֲרָיוּת כְּתֻבָּתָהּ עַל כָּל נְכָסָיו, יָכוֹל לִמְכֹּר:
7 Even if he divorces her and marries her after with no condition, he cannot sell his brother's property, unless he made a stipulation with her at the time that he remarried her that the ketubah would be based on his own property. And without divorce, if she agrees to marry him on condition that he writes that responsibility for her ketubah will be on his property, then he can sell [his brother's property.]
ח יְבָמָה שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה לָהּ כְּתֻבָּה, אוֹ שֶׁמָּחֲלָה כְּתֻבָּתָהּ, זָכָה בִּנִכְסֵי אָחִיו, וּמוֹכֵר וְנוֹתֵן כְּחֶפְצוֹ, וּכְשֶׁיַּכְנִיסֶנָּה יִכְתֹּב לָהּ כְּתֻבָּה מָנֶה, וְיִהְיוּ כָּל נְכָסָיו אַחֲרָאִין לִכְתֻבָּתָהּ כִּשְׁאָר כָּל הַנָּשִׁים:
8 A Yevamah that never had a Kesubah, or that the Kesuba was relinquished, receives the assets of his [her husband's] brother, and selling and giving what he likes, or when it will be nissan he will write for her a Kesuba with a portion [of his assets],And all his assets afterwards is like all the other women [who are married]
ט יְבָמָה שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה לָהּ עַל בַּעְלָהּ כְּתֻבָּה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא אֲסוּרָה עָלָיו, וְהִיא מֻתֶּרֶת לַיָּבָם, אִם רָצָה כּוֹנֵס וְאֵין לָהּ כְּתֻבָּה, כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה לָהּ עַל בַּעְלָהּ. וְדַוְקָא שֶׁלֹּא כָּתַב לָהּ, אֲבָל אָסוּר לְהַשְׁהוֹתָהּ בְּלֹא כְּתֻבָּה (הַמ"מ פ"ב). וְדִינָהּ עִם יְבָמָהּ בָּתוֹסָפוֹת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁהָיָה לָהּ עַל בַּעְלָהּ. אֲבָל אִם לֹא כָּתַב לָהּ בַּעְלָהּ כְּתֻבָּה [אוֹ שֶׁמָכְרָה לוֹ], אוֹ שֶׁמָּחֲלָה לוֹ, צָרִיךְ הַיָּבָם לִכְתֹּב לָהּ כְּתֻבָּה כְּדֶרֶךְ כָּל הָאַלְמָנוֹת. הַגָּה: וְכֵן אִם לֹא הָיוּ נְכָסִים לְבַעְלָהּ הָרִאשׁוֹן, יֵשׁ לָהּ כְּתֻבָּה מָנֶה מִשֵּׁנִי, כְּדִין אַלְמָנָה (טוּר). הָיוּ לָהּ בָּנוֹת מִן הַיָּבָם, אִם יֵשׁ לָהּ כְּתֻבָּה עַל נִכְסֵי יָבָם, גַּם הַבָּנוֹת נִזּוֹנוֹת מִן הָאַחִים. וְאִם אֵין לָהּ כְּתֻבָּה עַל נְכָסָיו, גַּם הַבָּנוֹת אֵינָן נִזּוֹנוֹת מִן הָאַחִין, מִכָּל מָקוֹם הָאַלְמָנָה נִזּוֹנֵית כָּל יְמֵי מֵגַר אַלְמְנוּתָהּ (רַ"ן פֶּרֶק נַעֲרָה):
9 A yevam who does not have a marriage contract with her husband because they are not allowed to be married to each other, but she is permitted to her yavam, if the yavam wants to perform yibum with her she does not receive a marriage contract, just as she did not have one with her first husband. And only if the first husband did not give her a contract, but it is forbidden to remain married to a woman without giving her a contract (MM in Ch.2). Her status regarding additional provisions in the contract is just as she received from her first husband. But if her husband did not write her a contract, [or she sold it] or she declined it, the yavam must write her a contract as all widows receive. Rema: If her first husband had no assets, she receives a contract of 100 zuz from her second husband (the yavam) like any widow (Tur). If she had sons with the yavam, if she has a contract against the property of the yavam, her daughters are also fed like the sons from that. If she does not have a contract against his property, the daughters are not fed with the sons, nevertheless the widow is fed all the days she remains a widow (Ran Chapter Naara)
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